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List of National Symbols of India
There are several national official symbols in the Republic of India including a historic document, flag, emblem, anthem, a memorial tower and various heroes of the nation.
The National Flag was formally adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947, just prior to independence.
Importance of Indian National Symbols
Below is the importance of national symbols.
1. They illustrate the rich cultural fiber at the heart of the country.
2. Infuse the hearts of Indian citizens with a deep sense of pride.
3. Represent an individual quality for India and its citizens.
4. Popularize the chosen object.
5. Help for future generations to preserve the chosen national symbol.
National Symbols of India
| Title | National Symbols |
| National Flag | Tiranga |
| National Anthem | Jana Gana Mana |
| National Calendar | Saka calendar |
| National Song | Vande Mataram |
| National Emblem | National Emblem of India |
| National Fruit | Mango |
| National River | Ganga |
| National Animal | Royal Bengal Tiger |
| National Tree | Indian Banyan |
| National Aquatic Animal | Ganges River Dolphin |
| National Bird | Indian Peacock |
| National Currency | Indian Rupee |
| National Reptile | King Cobra |
| National Heritage Animal | Indian Elephant |
| National Flower | Lotus |
| National Vegetable | Pumpkin |
| Oath of Allegiance | National Pledge |
Detailed information on India National Symbols
Flag National: Tiranga
Tiranga is India’s national flag. Pingali Venkayya designed the flag and adopted it by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947.
The high color saffron shows the country’s strength and courage. The white middle band shows Dharma Chakra peace and truth. The green color indicates the fertility, growth and prosperity of the land. Its design is that of the wheel on the abacus of Ashoka’s Sarnath Lion capital. Its diameter is about the white band’s width and has 24 spokes. The design of the national flag was adopted on 22 July 1947 by the Indian Constituent Assembly.
National emblem: Indian State emblem
The Indian national emblem is taken from Ashoka Lion’s capital at Sarnath. Satyameva Jayate (“The Triumphs of Truth Alone”) is his motto. The church features four Asian lions standed back and forth, mounted on an abacus with a frieze with high relief sculptures of an elephant, galloping horse, bull and lion, which are separated by intermediate wheels over a bell-shaped lotus. The National emblem symbolizes strength, courage, trust, and the bottom is a horse and bull with the center of a beautiful wheel Dharma chakra.
Calendar National: Saka Calendar
The Calendar Committee introduced Saka Calendar in 1957. The use of the Saka Calendar began at 1 Chaitra 1879 Saka Age or 22 March 1957.
Jana Gana Mana is the national anthem.
India’s National Hymn Jana-Gana-mana, originally composed by Rabindranath Tagore in Bengali, was approved as the National Anthem of India by the Constituent Assembly in its Hindi version on 24 January 1950. It was first sung at the then Calcutta meeting of the Indian National Congress on 27 December 1911.
The whole song has five stanzas. The first version of the national anthem contains the complete version.
National Song: Matram Vande
The Indian song is Vande Mataram, composed by Bankimchandra Chatterji in Sanskrit. On 24 January 1950 Dr. Rajendra Prasad, president of the Constituent Assembly made a statement, “The song Vande Mataram, which played a historical role in Indian liberty, shall equally be honored and equal to Jana Gana Mana.”
The first political opportunity to sing Vande Matram was the Indian National Congress in 1896. The song was part of the most famous novel Anand Math by Bankimchandra (1882).
National Currency: Rupee of India
The Indian rupee (ISO code: INR) is the Republic of India’s official currency. The currency issuance is controlled by the Indian Reserve Bank. The Indian Rupee symbol comes from the Devanagari consonant “Devanagari” (R) and the Latin letter “R” was adopted in 2010. Udaya Kumar Dharmalingam has designed it. The INR shows a sign of equality, which symbolizes the desire of the nation to reduce economic disparities. The design of the INR was chosen from five symbols. The design is based on the Indian tricolor according to Udaya Kumar.
National Animal: Tiger of Bengal
Royal Bengal Tiger is India’s national cat and ranks among the world’s largest cats. In April 1973, it was adopted as the national animal in India due to the declining tiger population. Before the tiger, India’s national animal was the Lion.
National Bird: Pacific National Bird
The Indian pavilion (Pavo cristatus) is the Indian national bird. The peacock represents the unity of lively colours, a bird indigenous to the subcontinent and has references in Indian culture. On 1 February 1963, the government of India declared the Peacock the national bird of India. It is found in the drier lowlands of the Indian subcontinent and is the resident breeder.
Dolphin National Aquatic Animal:
The Ganges River Dolphin was declared by the Indian government as the national aquatic animal of India. It is also the Guwahati city animal. The Dolphins of the South Asian river found mainly in the Ganges, Yamuna, Chambal, and Brahmaputra and their affluents.
Fruit National: Mango
Mango (Mangifera indica), the national fruit of India, affectionately known as King of fruits. Their sweet fragrance and delicious flavors have since time immemorial won the hearts of many around the world. As India’s national fruit, it represents prosperity, abundance and wealth for the image of the country.
Lotus National Flower:
India’s national flower is Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). It is an aquatic herb which in Sanskrit is often called ‘Padma’ and has a sacred status among Indian culture. The Lotus symbolizes spirituality, fruitfulness, richness, knowledge, enlightenment and the pureness of heart and mind.
National Tree: Tree of Banyan
India’s national tree is the Banyan tree, formally designated as the Ficus benghalensis. The tree is often a symbol of the fabled ‘Kalpa Vriksha’ or ‘Tree of Wish fulfillment,’ since it has important medicinal properties and longevity. The very size of the banyan tree and its lifespan make it a habitat for many creatures.
Ganga National River
The Ganges or Ganga is India’s national river. Originates as the Bhagirathi River on the snowfields of the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas. The Hindus claim that this is the holiest river on earth. The Ganga is also India’s longest river covering 2,510 kilometers of mountains, plains and valleys. Varanasi, Allahabad and Haridwar are the main Indian cities through which it passes.
King Cobra, National Reptile
King Cobra is a National Reptile of India, and is found in the forests of India and Southeast Asia. It is the longest venomous serpent in the world that can grow to 19 ft and live up to 25 years. You can inject 6 ml of venom in a single bite. In Hinduism King cobra is also known as Nagas and is regarded as divine and adored. It has a cultural importance Lord Shiva is often portrayed in his neck with a cobra.
Animal National Heritage: Indian Elephant
The Indian Elephant was declared Indian National Heritage Animal, originally from mainland Asia. The Indian elephant has been classified as endangered and at risk of loss, fragmentation and degradation of habitat.
Loyalty Oath: National Pledge
The national commitment is an oath of loyalty to the Republic of India. Indians often recite it unanimously during public events, especially at schools, and on Independence Day and the Republic Day. The pledge was originally written by the writer Pydimarri Venkata Subba Rao in the Telugu language in 1962. It was first read in 1963 in a school in Visakhapatnam and then translated into different regional languages.
Download List of National Symbols of India PDF
| Post Updated Date | June 14, 2021 |
| Category | Education & Jobs |
| Total no of Pages | 1 |
| Total File Size | 0.20 MB |
| Document Language | English |
| Original Source of Information | india.gov.in |
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